In order to configure Twitter Cards Tags for Magento 2 Category Page please go to Admin Panel > Catalog > Categories.
Сhoose a category you are interested in and find a Twitter Cards Metadata section.
Twitter Cards Metadata
1. Set an Twitter Cards Title if you don't want Meta Title to be used instead. If it isn't configured the category name will be used.
2. In the Twitter Cards Description set the description of the twitter card. In case you haven't set it up the Meta description will be used. If none of the descriptions have been configured, the Default Description will be used.
3. Set the Twitter Cards Image, otherwise, Default Twitter Image will be used.
Once all the changes have been performed don't forget to press the Save button.